The Communicative Approach to Developing German Speaking Skills (Sprechen)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijps-06-06-28Keywords:
German language, speaking skills, communicative approachAbstract
The development of speaking skills is one of the central objectives of teaching German as a foreign language, because oral communication reflects the learner’s ability to use linguistic knowledge in real social interaction. In traditional language teaching, speaking has often been limited to memorized dialogues, grammar-based reproduction and teacher-controlled question-answer exercises. However, modern foreign language education requires learners to express ideas independently, participate in dialogue, negotiate meaning, respond to communicative situations and interact with speakers from different cultural backgrounds. The communicative approach provides an effective methodological basis for developing German speaking skills, known as Sprechen, because it focuses on meaningful communication rather than mechanical language practice. This article examines the pedagogical value of the communicative approach in forming German speaking competence. The study is based on theoretical analysis of scientific literature, methodological synthesis and interpretation of communicative language teaching principles in relation to German language instruction. The results show that German speaking skills develop more effectively when learners are involved in authentic tasks, pair and group interaction, role-play, problem-solving, dialogue, monologue and reflection. The article concludes that the communicative approach improves not only fluency and accuracy, but also learners’ motivation, confidence, sociolinguistic awareness and readiness for real-life communication.
Downloads
References
Бим И. Л. Теория и практика обучения немецкому языку в средней школе: проблемы и перспективы. – М.: Просвещение, 1988. – 256 с.
Гальскова Н. Д., Гез Н. И. Теория обучения иностранным языкам. Лингводидактика и методика. – М.: Академия, 2006. – 336 с.
Canale M., Swain M. Theoretical Bases of Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing // Applied Linguistics. – 1980. – Vol. 1, № 1. – P. 1–47.
Council of Europe. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Companion Volume. – Strasbourg: Council of Europe Publishing, 2020. – 278 p.
Hymes D. On Communicative Competence // Sociolinguistics / ed. by J. B. Pride, J. Holmes. – Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, 1972. – P. 269–293.
Larsen-Freeman D., Anderson M. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. 3rd ed. – Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011. – 272 p.
Littlewood W. Communicative Language Teaching: An Introduction. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. – 108 p.
Neuner G., Hunfeld H. Methoden des fremdsprachlichen Deutschunterrichts: Eine Einführung. – Berlin; München: Langenscheidt, 1993. – 184 S.
Nunan D. Task-Based Language Teaching. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. – 222 p.
Richards J. C. Communicative Language Teaching Today. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. – 47 p.
Richards J. C., Rodgers T. S. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. 3rd ed. – Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. – 410 p.
Savignon S. J. Communicative Competence: Theory and Classroom Practice. 2nd ed. – New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997. – 288 p.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Mavlyanov Bakhtiyor Anvarovich
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Individual articles are published Open Access under the Creative Commons Licence: CC-BY 4.0.
