Resilient Sourcing and Strategic Adaptation in High-Technology Supply Chains: A Theoretical Synthesis for Semiconductor Reshoring and Disruption Mitigation

Abstract

This article develops a comprehensive theoretical synthesis addressing resilient sourcing strategies, disruption mitigation, and reshoring adaptations in high-technology supply chains, with an emphasis on semiconductor production and multi-echelon inventory networks. Drawing on cross-disciplinary literature spanning inventory control with stochastic review intervals, multi-sourcing under competition and uncertainty, reactive mitigation for supply disruption, bargaining under asymmetric beliefs, recycled-material contingent sourcing, expediting with multiple demand classes, two-echelon supply modes, demand-disruption recovery financing, dynamic pricing with heterogeneous patience, and lateral transshipment policies, the paper constructs an integrated conceptual framework for strategic decision-making when firms consider reshoring production capacity to geographically and politically sensitive regions. The framework identifies key trade-offs among reliability, flexibility, cost, and strategic control; formalizes an extended taxonomy of mitigations (proactive, reactive, contingent, and financial); and articulates managerial rules-of-thumb and theoretical implications for policy and firm-level strategy. By synthesizing principles from inventory theory, operations management, supply chain finance, and bargaining theory, the paper reveals how firms can sequence decisions—sourcing portfolio design, information sharing, financing arrangements, transshipment options, and pricing strategies—to manage ripple effects and demand shocks while pursuing strategic reshoring. The analysis surfaces critical limitations in extant models when applied to complex semiconductor ecosystems and proposes research directions that bridge inventory models with bargaining, financial instruments, and policy constraints relevant to reshoring efforts. The article concludes with prescriptive insights for practitioners deciding on reshoring investments and for policymakers designing incentives to strengthen domestic production without undermining adaptive supply network resilience.